Monstrum

1. E20

   20. The Wicked Feline Murder Floof, a Yule Cat Story

   Finale 6 years ago

   Christmas isn’t just a time for presents, cookies, and holiday cheer, but the hunting period of Iceland’s murderous monster feline, the Yule Cat. This giant, fluffy cat towers over buildings, roaming the snowy countryside for human victims who have yet to receive new clothes before Christmas.

2. E19

   19. Mothman: America's Notorious Winged Monster

   7 years ago

   Dr. Z travels to the town of Point Pleasant, WV to research the complicated history of the flying creature and how the town was forever changed by the myth of the Mothman. Newspapers gave the winged, red-eyed creature its name after it was spotted on November 15, 1966—an incident followed by almost a hundred other eyewitness accounts.

3. E18

   18. Manananggal: A Flying, Disembodied, Blood Sucking Nightmare

   7 years ago

   One of the Phillipine’s most dangerous and bizarre aswangs, the viscera-sucking, self-segmenting monster hunts at night. A beautiful woman by day, this creature detaches its upper torso and grows wings after sunset. An intestine-dangling nightmare woman with a taste for fetuses sounds like absolutely madness, but can she teach us about the history of social and religious power in Filipino culture?

4. E17

   17. Blame the Tokoloshe! South Africa’s Most Notorious Goblin

   7 years ago

   Connected to witchcraft, sexual predation, and mischief, the tokoloshe is a dominant myth in South Africa. There are different kinds of tokoloshe/tikoloshe, but one thing remains the same in all versions of the monster: they cause havoc in the lives of all those unfortunate enough to encounter them. They’re blamed from everything from murder and possession to divorce and debt.

5. E16

   16. Cyclops: The Origin Story of this Terrifying One-Eyed Giant

   7 years ago

   In this episode, you’ll hear all about Homer’s Polyphemus and Hesiod’s one-eyed blacksmiths, but also a little about the role paleontology has played in creating monsters. Join Dr. Zarka and special guests Kallie Moore and Blake de Pastino from Eons to learn all about the surprising fossil inspiration behind cyclopes.

6. E15

   15. Banshee: Ireland's Screaming Harbinger of Death

   7 years ago

   Dr. Zarka shows how this wailing female ghost connects to the very real Irish tradition of keening— a rhythmic wailing and mourning performed by women as part of the death ritual. Tune in to see how fact and fiction combine to create a supernatural tradition that connects the people of Ireland to their ancestors.

7. E14

   14. Windigo: The Flesh-Eating Monster of Native American Legend

   7 years ago

   Explore the symbolic interpretations of the windigo with Dr. Zarka as she explains how this Native American legend can teach us about the spiritual beliefs and social values of the early indigenous peoples of North America.

8. E13

   13. Martians! How Aliens Invaded Earth

   7 years ago

   From the invading, high-tech aliens of ‘War of the Worlds’ to post-world war escapism literature and even real-life scientific exploration today, the stories of Martians have changed throughout time. Find out how we’ve gone from viewing Mars as a pre-existing utopia populated by alien races to actually seeing the planet as a potential new home for earthlings.

9. E12

   12. Golem: The Mysterious Clay Monster of Jewish Lore

   7 years ago

   Made from clay and animated by the sacred word of G-d, the golem of Jewish origin has evolved from a 6th-century meditation of creation, to a source of labor, and finally, an avenging symbol of redemption. The golem many people recognize today wasn’t invented until the 19th century--but how did it become so influential?

10. E11

    11. The Legend of La Llorona

    7 years ago

    The legend of La Llorona, the “weeping woman,” has terrified generations. This female ghost wanders in the darkness, crying as she searches for her children--the children she murdered. Some even say that she will capture other kids in her desperation. How could a murderous mother become such a cultural symbol?

11. E10

    10. How Chimaera Mythology Became Reality

    7 years ago

    The impossible, three-headed monster of Ancient Greek mythology, the Chimaera, may have started off as a fantasy, but today, the word “chimera” can be used to refer to anything that seems impossible. This includes the real-life, interspecies animals humans have successfully created.

12. E9

    9. Godzilla and Mothra: King and Queen of the Kaiju

    7 years ago

    Godzilla is one of the most recognizable monsters in film, and he should be. After all, he is part of the longest running film franchise in the world, but you might be surprised to learn that his history in literature is just as prolific. Without his giant footsteps paving the way, we wouldn’t have the female kaijū Mothra, who is perhaps even more beloved.

13. E8

    8. El Chupacabras, a Modern Mystery

    7 years ago

    Did you know there are two different types of chupacabras? Or that these bloodsucking monsters only starting popping up 25 years ago? Sightings of el chupacabras, the “goatsucker,” began in Puerto Rico in 1994 for a very real reason—the unexplained deaths of many farm animals.

14. E7

    7. Are White Walkers Really Nordic Zombies?

    7 years ago

    What do the Sagas of the Icelanders and Game of Thrones have in common? Dr. Zarka answers this question and explores how the draugr, Nordic undead monsters, bear a striking resemblance to the White Walkers—and more importantly, how these monsters connect to the history of Ancient Nordic peoples.

15. E6

    6. The Origin of Medusa

    7 years ago

    Medusa has inspired art for centuries, whether as a symbol of protection or a monster. Explore her literary and cultural history in this episode of Monstrum from PBS Digital Studios.

16. E5

    5. Release the Kraken!

    7 years ago

    Legend has it this monster could take down ships, grab sailors off decks, and create whirlpools. Meet the Kraken in the latest episode of Monstrum from PBS Digital Studios!

17. E4

    4. The Original Headless Horseman

    7 years ago

    Meet the Headless Horseman and his terrifying cousin, the Irish Dullahan, in this episode of Monstrum.

18. E3

    3. Post-Dracula Vampires: From Anne Rice to Twilight

    8 years ago

    Stories of blood-sucking monsters have been around for centuries. But the one who have outlived them all is Dracula! Revisit the Count and other vampires he inspired in this episode of Monstrum

19. E2

    2. Rethinking Frankenstein's Monster

    8 years ago

    Now celebrating its 200th anniversary, Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein was a revolutionary text that pioneered the sci-fi genre. On the surface, it’s a novel about a scary monster, but the sympathetic description of a soulful creature makes us rethink the label.

20. E1

    1. What Dragons Say About Us

    8 years ago

    In the first episode of Monstrum, Dr. Emily Zarka reveals the mythological origins of iconic dragons from Game of Thrones and The Hobbit, and explains why dragons have been a part of human culture for thousands of years.

Season 2 aired on 2/21/20

1. E18

   18. Kasagonagá: The Cute, Kind Monster We All Need Right Now

   Finale 5 years ago

   A sky deity falling from the sky sounds bad, right? Not if it’s the Kasogonagá! From the mythology of the Toba peoples of South America, this god of lightning, thunder, and rain appears as a small, hairy anteater-like creature and needs a bit of human intervention to return to the skies.

2. E17

   17. Pontianak: The Vampiric Ghost of Southeast Asia

   5 years ago

   The pontianak, or kuntilanak, has long been a staple of Malay horror. In addition to serving as an allegory for the tension between traditional and modern cultural and spiritual practices, these monsters gave name to a real city. In this episode, you’ll learn how Islamic trade routes, animism, and the role of women in Southeast Asia contribute to stories of this notorious ghost.

3. E16

   16. Nuckelavee: Scotland’s Skinless Evil Monstrosity

   5 years ago

   This horse-like horror of Scottish folklore emerges from the sea bringing death and disease. With origins in Orcadian folklore this demonic creature was blamed for plagues, drought, and death in equal measure. This episode explores how the history of the Orkney Islands, the influence of Norse mythology, a real equine disease, and the kelp trade crafted a terrifying, skinless monster.

4. E15

   15. Modern Zombies: The Rebirth of the Undead

   6 years ago

   This final episode of our three-part series, brings us to the 21st-century zombie where the monstrous legacy of both the original Haiti zombi and the Romero ghoul play a role in the rebirth of public interest in the zombie. Explore how the effects of new global anxieties like terrorism, bioweapons, global warming and overpopulation have forever solidified the zombie narrative in global society.

5. E14

   14. Why George Romero Changed Zombies Forever

   6 years ago

   The second episode of our three-part special series looks at the Romero zombie. Considered the “godfather of zombies,” Romero’s 1968 film The Night of the Living Dead introduced the flesh-eating reanimated corpse to popular culture. Notably, the Romero zombie’s introduction during a time of great political and cultural unrest in America impacted how it was received—and why we still talk about it.

6. E13

   13. The Origins of the Zombie, from Haiti to the U.S.

   6 years ago

   In the first episode of our three-part special series, we explore the complex history of the zombie—from its origins in the spiritual beliefs of the African diaspora to the development of Vodou in Haiti. Learn how one of the most enduring monsters in popular culture evolved in the midst of slavery, racism and prejudice.

7. E12

   12. How Gargoyles Became Monsters

   6 years ago

   Before these stoney grotesques became monsters they were just water spouts. We still adorn our buildings with the carvings and sculptures of the frightening, funny, and exaggerated forms—but why? Learn all about the strange history of the gargoyle monster and how the power of imagination turned some odd looking architecture into a legendary creature.

8. E11

   11. The Original Urban Legend: Spring-Heeled Jack

   6 years ago

   19th century London and the hunting ground of Spring-Heeled Jack. The fire-breathing, wall-leaping, claw-wielding devil attacked women in their homes and in the streets, terrorizing England for more than 50 years. Learn how Spring-Heeled Jack manifested the fears of the development of urban spaces and the upheaval of social classes and lifestyle changes city life afforded in the 1800s.

9. E10

   10. Unlocking the Mystery of Loch Ness

   6 years ago

   While reported sightings of a mysterious creature in Loch Ness go back hundreds of years, it received little global recognition until the 1930s. Historical records, newspapers articles, blockbuster films, and advanced scientific technologies all play a role in this story. Watch this episode to find out what theories have been disproven—and what questions are still unanswered.

10. E9

    9. The Fatal Song of the Sirens

    6 years ago

    This episode explains how sirens appeared in ancient history, from literature to art, and looks at how the half human half bird creatures became more commonly associated with mermaids. From Ancient Greek legends to Medieval bestiaries, and even Egyptian hieroglyphics, the siren’s history is so much more complicated than you think.

11. E8

    8. Bunyip: Australia’s Mysterious Amphibian Monster

    6 years ago

    Originating in the stories and beliefs of the southeastern Indigenous peoples of Australia, accounts of the bunyip are widely varied. This episode uses Aboriginal stories, historical records, and fossils to explore the bunyip legend, and take a look at how European colonization impacted Australia and its Indigenous peoples.

12. E7

    7. Jorōgumo: The Deadly Spider Woman from Yokai Lore

    6 years ago

    Although able to appear as a beautiful young woman, the jorōgumo is really a deadly spider monster in disguise. This episode dives into the fascinating world of yōkai and the long history of beautiful women and spiders in Japanese folklore. You’ll learn about the real-world spider that may have inspired this monster, and discover two of the oldest recorded jorōgumo stories in existence.

13. E6

    6. What's In My (Go) Bag?

    6 years ago

    In this special episode, Dr. Zarka shows you what’s inside her “go bag,” a kit of survival supplies she keeps on hand at all times. In this episode you’ll find out how the horror genre can inspire real-world preparedness and take a look at how humans throughout history use literature, film, and art as ways to explore (and even practice for) real-world pandemics and disasters.

14. E5

    5. Slender Man: How The Internet Created a Monster

    6 years ago

    Dr. Zarka explains the timeline of this Internet folklore sensation, examining how unlike so many other monster origins stories, we know exactly when and why this one was created. From Creepypasta to video games, horror movies to doctored photographs, Slenderman is everywhere. Find out why he consumes our imaginations.

15. E4

    4. Jinn: The Ancient Arabian Shapeshifters

    6 years ago

    Jinn is a popular character in fiction and their origins continue to influence Islamic cultures today. From the Qur’an to The Thousand and One Nights, the story of Aladdin to I Dream of Jeannie and everything in between—the jinn are more than just a being trapped in a lamp who grants wishes. They’re powerful, intellectual entities whose stories are woven into ancient Islamic culture.

16. E3

    3. The Crazed Hunt for the Himalayan Yeti

    6 years ago

    Dr. Zarka examines the yeti’s origins, from Tibetan folklore and religion to the Westernized abominable snowman version. She explains how Buddhist beliefs, a series of intrepid 20th-century explorers, and a creatively translated word make the yeti the creature we recognize today—and how it led to some pretty incredible scientific discoveries.

17. E2

    2. The Dark Origins of Hansel and Gretel

    6 years ago

    Hansel and Gretel is one of the most famous fairy tales of the Western world, and contains one of the most notorious witches. In this episode you’ll learn about witch trials in Germany, the role famine and poverty play in creating monsters, and how the Grimm brothers evolved oral folklore into legendary tales. The real story of Hansel and Gretel is even more scary than you think.

18. E1

    1. Leshy: The Slavic Lord of the Forest

    6 years ago

    He can grow higher than the trees, or smaller than a blade of grass. Both demon and deity, guardian and antagonist, the Leshy is rooted deep in the cultural and religious history of the Slavic people.

1. E17

   17. Krampus: Origins of the Yuletide Monster

   Finale 4 years ago

   You better watch out, you better not cry, and you certainly must behave—or else face the brutal beating of the Krampus. Why does this demonic, horned Yuletide monster exist? This episode looks at the historical origins of Krampus in the winter festivals of the Alpine region, challenging the false claim that this monster came from pagan tradition, and traces its renewed popularity across the globe.

2. E16

   16. Monster Bugs, Attack! The Origins of ‘Big Bug’ Science Fiction

   4 years ago

   Insects make up 80 percent of the world’s species, so it's not all that surprising we’ve occasionally made them into monsters in science fiction and horror. What is staggering is why the “big bug” subgenre took off in the 1950s. Find out how nuclear weapons, the suburbs, the Cold War, and the pest control industry all contributed to a beloved film subgenre in this episode featuring special footage from our friends at Deep Look.

3. E15

   15. Trolls: Scandinavia’s Malevolent, Magical Outcasts

   4 years ago

   While modern imagination might have you picturing trolls as ugly, hairy, rather unintelligent creatures their ancient folkloric counterparts were magical, intelligent, wealthy creatures of all shapes and sizes. Defined by their status as outsiders as well and the threat of violence they represent, this episode takes you through the Nordic sagas, Medieval laws, and literary influences that contributed to the endurance of these malevolent and magical Scandinavian monsters.

4. E14

   14. The Werewolf’s Modern Metamorphosis

   5 years ago

   The second installment in Monstrum’s werewolf series looks at the evolution of the werewolf through Gothic fantasy, horror films, literature, and video games, exploring the monster’s evolution into one of popular culture’s most malleable metaphors.

5. E13

   13. The Killer Origins of the Werewolf

   5 years ago

   The first episode in this two-part series tackles the rise of the werewolf in its myriad of forms, looking at what happened when Christianity interceded and turned the werewolf into the embodiment of evil—a change that reached its devastating climax with the persecution and execution of accused werewolves.

6. E12

   12. Death Worms: Fact or Fiction?

   5 years ago

   Rumored to roam some of the world’s most desolate places the poisonous, killer death worm can trace its history in folklore back thousands of years. Made more famous and frightening with science fiction series like Dune and Tremors, killer worms are part of our cultural knowledge—but does any creature like them exist in the real world?

7. E11

   11. Fire Cat or Fire Cart? The History of Japan’s Kasha

   5 years ago

   Swooping down from the heavens on a fire ball, the Kasha drags the bodies of the dead to the underworld for a life of damnation. Most frequently depicted as a demonic, flaming cat, the kanji for ‘Kasha’ actually translates to “Fire Cart". This episode explores the religious and artistic history of the Kasha and takes a look at the significant role of cats in Japanese culture.

8. E10

   10. El Silbón: The Deadly Whistler of the South American Grasslands

   5 years ago

   El Silbón: The Deadly Whistler of the Grasslands The "Terror of the Plain," this emaciated, whistling devil is cursed to wander the South American countryside carrying the bones of his victims. Intimately tied to the cattle ranching history of Latin America, the myth of El Silbón remains an active albeit terrifying part of folklore.

9. E9

   9. The Macabre Origins of the Grim Reaper

   5 years ago

   There are fewer images of Death personified than the scythe-wielding skeletal form of the Grim Reaper. But where did it come from? You may have heard that this haunting figure emerged as a result of the Black Plague, but that’s only a fraction of the story. This episode looks at the long history of skeletal Death in religion, literature, art, and pop culture.

10. E8

    8. Don’t Let Them In! The Urban Legends of Black-Eyed Children

    5 years ago

    An urban legend that exploits our fears of an obstructed gaze and the deeply unsettling idea that the youngest of our species are out to destroy us, the lore of Black-Eyed Children, or Black-Eyed Kids, is a modern construction. But the “evil spawn” child archetype of the horror genre and hundreds of years of social expectations of childhood inform these unsettling monsters.

11. E7

    7. Basilisk or Cockatrice? The Mysterious King of Serpents

    5 years ago

    A venomous snake who can kill with its gaze alone, the basilisk has terrified us for thousands of years. But it also has another name—the cockatrice. That’s right, the reptile-chicken hybrid creature and the poisonous snake are actually the same monster. Find out how a real snake likely inspired tales of a mythological serpent in the 1st century CE that over time turned into a mythological beast.

12. E6

    6. Yara-ma-yha-who: Australia’s Regurgitating, Blood-Sucking Mo

    5 years ago

    The Australian wilderness is a dangerous place—in part because it’s the rumored hunting ground of a vampiric creature who uses its fingers and toes to suck your blood. Fall prey to the Yara-ma-yha-who and you risk not only being swallowed whole but becoming a monster yourself. In this episode, you’ll learn about how Aboriginal communities’ deep connection to the land.

13. E5

    5. Will-o’-the-Wisp: Monstrous Flame or Scientific Phenomenon?

    5 years ago

    These elusive blue flames have been reported globally and inspired a wealth of folklore. But what exactly is a Will-o’-the-Wisp? Also commonly called “ignis fatuus” or “corpse-candle” the glowing atmospheric phenomenon has a reputation for causing mischief and even death. But are they really a supernatural phenomenon or something more worldly? Drawing on over six hundred years of literature and lore, and more than 300 years of scientific exploration, this episode presents the mesmerizing lights in all their blazing glory—from ancient legends to scientific rationalizations. And no, they aren’t glowing owls.

14. E4

    4. Leprechaun: From Gold-Loving Cobbler to Cultural Icon

    5 years ago

    Leprechauns are associated with St. Patrick’s Day and Irish culture, but do you know why? The jovial, red-haired little man dressed in green standing next to a pot of gold is a modern invention—the diminutive faerie folk was once more popularly known for their role as tricksters and expert cobblers. In this episode, you’ll learn how ancient Irish mythology, Irish immigration, and some crafty marketing resulted in one of our most recognizable folkloric figures.

15. E3

    3. Taotie: The Mystery of Chinese Mythology’s Famous Glutton

    5 years ago

    While its face is scarce in popular culture today, this influential ancient monster from Chinese mythology predates the written word. Inspired by ancient bronze and jade iconography detailing the face of a bulging-eyed, gapping-mouthed beast, the Taotie creature is both mysterious and notorious, inspiring fear with its horrible gluttony. The greedy, insatiable appetite of the Taotie, one of the four “legendary monsters” or malevolences of Chinese mythology, is its defining trait—but why? Explore the many theories behind this beast as you dive into a mystery that has fascinated archeologists, historians, philosophers, and authors for thousands of years.

16. E2

    2. Werehyena: The Terrifying Shapeshifters of African Lore

    5 years ago

    African folklore dictates that unlike other werecreatures this monster is an animal that disguises itself in human form. By day it walks the earth nearly indistinguishable from humans, but at night it returns to its true hyena shape to defile graves and eat the flesh within. Most often associated with artisan trades like metalworking, weaving, and pottery, the werehyenas evil powers are said to be passed on from generation to generation. How did the werehyena become associated with certain trades? To answer that questions, we’ll take a look at Beta Israel, or Ethiopian Jews, who became commonly accused of taking the guise of this monster—and why prejudice contributes to monster lore.

17. E1

    1. Baba Yaga: The Ancient Origins of the Famous ‘Witch’

    5 years ago

    One of the most beloved (and feared) figures in Russian and East Slavic folklore, Baba Yaga is more than just a witch. She’s a rumored cannibal who lives in a strange rotating house and flies around in a magical mortar and pestle--but she’s also a helpful grandmotherly figure. Who is Baba Yaga really? Pagan goddess? Evil witch? Scary old lady? Find out in this episode, which takes a look at traditional gender roles in Slavic history, pagan deities, burial practices of Neolithic Central Europe, and why this monstrous woman continues to endure.

1. E15

   15. Can All Monsters Be Traced Back to Tiamat?

   Finale 3 years ago

   Across multiple mythologies, the term “mother of monsters” is used frequently on the likes of women such as Echidna, Lamia, and Angrboda. But in Mesopotamian mythology, the mother of monsters is Tiamat, who’s less of a woman, and more of an ocean, specifically, the source of all salt water. She also happens to be the mother of a lot of gods, which doesn’t do her any favors when the family reunion turns very violent.

2. E14

   14. Egyptian Mummies: From Sacred Vessels to Scary Undead

   3 years ago

   Mummification was a sacred, transformative practice in Ancient Egypt - a ritual process that made one’s body and soul fit for existence in the afterlife. It begs the question: when and why did the Mummy become the popular movie monster that we are so familiar with today?

3. S4 E13

   E13

   13. The Golden Age of Movie Monsters

   4 years ago

   Some monsters call to mind very specific images. Their iconic on-screen personas overshadow their earlier histories. I’m talking about: Frankenstein and his Creature, Dracula, the Invisible Man, the Wolf Man, the Mummy. Why is this? Universal Pictures. These famous Monster faces inspired decades of Halloween costumes, and make up a distinctive brand of horror that defined early Hollywood cinema.

4. E12

   12. Tikbálang: The Filipino Nightmare Shapeshifter

   4 years ago

   A malevolent spirit lurks in the shadows of forests and the darkest mountains of the Philippines. Capable of adopting physical form, the most terrifying of which being a massive half-human, half-horse hybrid, the Filipino Tikbálang thrives on chaos.

5. E11

   11. Monster Plants and the Humans who Invent Them

   4 years ago

   For millennia humans have turned to plants to heal the sick and wounded, to ward against evil, and grant magical powers. But what happens when plants themselves become conscious, and turn killers?

6. S4 E10

   E10

   10. How Cthulhu Transcended its Creator, H.P. Lovecraft

   4 years ago
7. E9

   9. Is Siren Head the Ultimate Modern Monster?

   4 years ago

   Lumbering through the countryside blasting its eerie messages from metal speakers perched atop a forty-foot wooden humanoid frame, Siren Head is a prime example of modern folklore born on the internet. Featuring insights from Siren Head's original creator Trevor Henderson, this episode looks at how social media contributes to horror in the 21st century.

8. E8

   8. What Hellhounds Reveal about Humans' Oldest Companion

   4 years ago

   Hellhounds, the fearsome canine beasts of the underworld who often serve as guardians to the very gates of hell, pop up in a wide variety of cultural folklore throughout history. They're also fairly commonplace in the stories we tell in modern times (think Cujo, Ghostbusters, The Omen). Why is that? What can these legendary hounds teach us about the history of humanity’s relationship with dogs.

9. E7

   7. Alien Abduction and UFOs: Why Are Grays So Common?

   4 years ago

   Grey Aliens, sometimes called Zeta Reticulans, Roswell Greys, or just Grays, are defined by their humanoid forms, long limbs, large black eyes, small noses, thin mouths, and of course, gray skin or gray clothing. They are some of pop culture’s most recognizable representations of extraterrestrial life. But where did this depiction of extraterrestrials come from?

10. E6

    6. Mapinguari: Fearsome Beast and Protector of the Amazon

    4 years ago

    Deep within the Amazon rainforest lurks a mysterious creature called the Mapinguari. Notoriously elusive, this cave-dwelling giant leaves a trail of broken trees and trampled ferns in its wake. Massive, hairy, and pungent, this beast protects the South American jungle from human threats.

11. E5

    5. Why Has the Majestic Griffin Been Forgotten?

    4 years ago

    The Griffin is a half-lion, half-eagle creature that is commonly seen adorning royal crests and perched menacingly atop buildings. Why is this ancient creature that many of us see every day largely forgotten?

12. E4

    4. Have Humans Always Feared Sharks?

    4 years ago

    Despite the extreme rarity of attacks on humans, Sharks have become perhaps the most widely feared animals on the planet. How did this happen? They're not naturally aggressive towards humans and kill fewer people each year than falling coconuts. So what gives?

13. E3

    3. Why the Dragon is Central to Chinese Culture

    4 years ago

    The Chinese dragon is one of the world’s most globally recognized monsters. Playing a major role throughout Chinese history, they were both creators and destroyers and controlled the elements. They've influenced everything from politics to religion—what is it about the Chinese Dragon that makes it such a central figure in Chinese culture?

14. E2

    2. Adze: the Shapeshifting Firefly from West Africa

    4 years ago

    For many of us, the firefly is a mystical, enchanting creature of the twilight. To the people of some West-African cultures, however, the firefly brings to mind a malevolent, shapeshifting, blood-sucking monster of lore: the Adze.

15. E1

    1. The Enchanting Fairies of Celtic Lore

    4 years ago

    The fairies of Celtic traditions trace their origin back to an ancient race of otherworldly royalty - the Tuatha Dé Danann. As fairy nobility, the Tuatha Dé Danann were alternatively seen as gods, monsters, demons, and even the real ancient inhabitants of Ireland. But where do the Tuatha Dé Danann come from, and how did they become the ancestors of Ireland’s fairies? The world is full of monsters, myths, and legends and Monstrum isn’t afraid to take a closer look. The show, hosted by Emily Zarka, Ph.D., takes us on a journey to discover a new monster in each new episode. Monstrum looks at humans' unique drive to create and shape monster mythology through oral storytelling, literature, and film and digs deep into the history of those mythologies.

1. S5 E15

   E15

   15. Mari Lwyd: The Skeleton Horse's Deep Past with Christmas

   2 years ago

   The coastal villages of Wales around the winter holidays have a unique nighttime visitor. A grim skeletal equine monster roams the streets with a rag tag group and demands entry to the homes of the citizenry, demanding food and drink. But is this really a monster to be feared, or one that is rather cheered?

2. S5 E14

   E14

   14. Creepy Clowns: The Horror Behind the Laughter

   2 years ago

   When did clowns—the characters who filled our childhoods with juggling and balloons—become so creepy? For centuries, clowns have worn two faces: as irreverent entertainers, and tricksters who could break social norms. So when stories of scary clowns pop up all over popular culture, it's a sign that we're wondering who clowns really are behind the costume. Do they want to make us laugh? Or scream?

3. S5 E13

   E13

   13. What Happened During Our Scary Slumber Party

   3 years ago

   Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board, Bloody Mary and Ouija are scary and entertaining rites of passage for kids and teens to participate in. But do these games actually work? And why do we love to scare each other so much at sleepovers?

4. S5 E12

   E12

   12. The Evolution of Creepy Dolls

   3 years ago

   Maybe it’s the unblinking eyes, staring at you, emotionless, day and night. Or, perhaps it’s their small size acting as a cloak of innocence. Or their human-like appearance that makes them seem just slightly too real. However, you want to spin it—there’s something creepy about dolls.

5. S5 E11

   E11

   11. The SCP Foundation: Declassified

   3 years ago

   Unlocking the Mysteries of SCP: From Secure, Contain, Protect to Unearth, Expose, Fascinate! Dive deep into the shadowy world of the SCP Foundation as we peel back the layers of secrecy surrounding these enigmatic entities. Discover the untold stories of containment, explore the unexplainable anomalies, and join us on a journey to unravel the secrets that have captivated the most curious minds.

6. S5 E10

   E10

   10. Uncovering the Enigma: Sasquatch Sightings

   3 years ago

   North America’s most famous cryptid, Sasquatch is a bipedal hairy humanoid with history pre-dating European colonization with numerous sightings even up to the present day. From cave paintings to video documentation, Sasquatch is a uniquely American monster. Why has the legend endured, and what does it say about humanity?

7. S5 E9

   E9

   9. Was Púca the Nightmare Bunny That Inspired Donnie Darko?

   3 years ago

   The trickster Púca is an animal-spirit that was once dreaded across many lands.

8. S5 E8

   E8

   8. The Hidden Origins of Nixie, the Scariest Little Mermaid

   3 years ago

   Of all the many terrifying monsters haunting the waters of the world the Nixie stands out.

9. S5 E7

   E7

   7. Beyond the Supernatural Horror of the Nishi Daak Ghost

   3 years ago

   The nocturnal entity called Nishi reflects the complex nature of good vs. evil in Bengali.

10. S5 E6

    E6

    6. The Untold Secrets of Pokémon’s Monster Mythology

    3 years ago

    What inspired Pokémon’s Monster Mythology?

11. S5 E5

    E5

    5. Hero, Beast, or Both? The Complex Lore of the Centaur

    3 years ago

    Humans have domesticated animals as beasts of burden for thousands of years and the vital role horses play in the evolution of culture in particular has inspired countless equine folklore, but none are quite like the centaur.

12. S5 E4

    E4

    4. Why Do Cyborgs Inspire Special Fear in Humans

    3 years ago

    Advances in technology are always met with some degree of technophobia—and villainization. And cyborgs represent a special kind of fear inherent in losing ourselves in the technologies we create.

13. E3

    3. Unicorns: Magical Icons or Violent Beasts?

    3 years ago

    Unicorns are all over the place in popular culture these days - movies, TV shows, toys, clothing and books for children and adults alike. But you might be interested to learn that the majestic, all-white horse with a spiralized horn on its forehead is just one version of the many varieties of unicorn that have appeared in folklore throughout history.

14. E2

    2. How Bloody Mary Turns Fear Into Fun

    3 years ago

    If you are unlucky enough to summon Bloody Mary, there’s no real standard of what you’ll see. By some accounts, she’s hideously mutilated but in others she is beautiful but bloody—more commonly though—every aspect of her appearance is vague. There’s even versions where she was a witch burned at the stake in Salem. In some legends, she’s connected to a cult. But where she comes from and what she looks like is less important than the ritual that summons her.

15. E1

    1. Is Yuki-onna the Most Terrifying Snow Monster?

    3 years ago

    Yuki-Onna, the icy snow maiden of Japanese lore, might steal your heart, or your life. This harsh winter monster is beautiful and dangerous, the incarnation of winter storms.

1. S6 E14

   E14

   14. Why Did Changelings Terrorize the Victorian Age?

   1 year ago

   Let’s talk about the unsettling legend of changelings, creatures said to replace humans with eerie, imperfect copies. What are the historical, cultural, and psychological roots of this folklore?

2. S6 E13

   E13

   13. Why Do These Christmas Monsters Want To Destroy the World?

   1 year ago

   The Greek Christmas monster Kallikantzaros is a mischievous, goblin-like creature that emerges during the 12 days of Christmas to wreak havoc. Rooted in ancient Greek traditions, this wild legend makes the holidays just a little bit creepier!

3. S6 E12

   E12

   12. Gremlins: The Myth and the Menace

   1 year ago

   You think you know Gremlins—but their story is far deeper than just the 1984 movie. Originally mischievous sprites blamed for aircraft malfunctions during WWI, they evolved into pop culture icons.

4. S6 E11

   E11

   11. The Unspoken Rules of Slasher Movies

   2 years ago

   The 1974 movies Black Christmas and Texas Chain Saw Massacre gave rise to what would become one of cinema’s most enduring genres: the slasher film. In this special episode, we’ll talk about the origins, evolution and cultural impact of these gory popcorn films and take a close look at the key tropes—masked killers, final girls, and gore—that continue to make make slashers iconic.

5. S6 E10

   E10

   10. Why Manticore Is a Dungeons & Dragons Legend

   2 years ago

   Featured in tabletop RPGs, card games, books, animated movies and shows, the manticore is a legend. And there’s a lot of speculation about the origins of the manticore. Is it a man-eating monster from Persian myth or simply a misidentified tiger?

6. S6 E9

   E9

   9. The Ancient Terror of the Chinese Hopping Corpse, Jiangshi

   2 years ago

   Draped in Qing dynasty robes and sporting fanged teeth, long nails and grasping, outstretched arms, the Chinese hopping corpse, jiangshi, is a variation on the vampire that you won’t soon forget!

7. S6 E8

   E8

   8. The Mother of Vengeance: Grendel's Mom

   2 years ago

   The big baddie in Beowulf isn't actually the monster Grendel, but Grendel's Mother. Who maybe isn't a monster at all? Often depicted as a hideous beast or an alluring seductress, her true nature is debated. Despite appearances, she’s described in warrior terms, challenging traditional gender roles. Translation and interpretation have shape her lore as a fearsome yet misunderstood figure.

8. S6 E7

   E7

   7. La Lechuza: The Shape-Shifting Witch-Owl

   2 years ago

   You're walking home, a little tipsy, guided only by the moonlight. Suddenly, you sense something watching you: an unnervingly large owl with a human face! This is La Lechuza, a malevolent witch-owl from Tejano and Mexican folklore.

9. S6 E6

   E6

   6. King Kong pt. 2

   2 years ago

   Since his 1933 movie debut, King Kong’s impact on our culture has been persistent. For nearly a century, Kong’s story has changed to reflect, and sometimes comment on, our society’s issues with racism, sexism, and fear of the unknown. Let’s talk about how well this iconic monster’s evolution keeps up with our changing times.

10. E5

    5. Lost in the Backrooms: Exploring the Internet's Creepiest Liminal Space

    2 years ago

    Ever felt like a place seems real yet oddly unsettling? Welcome to The Backrooms, a digital folklore phenomenon that blurs the lines between reality and fiction, exploring the eerie and uncanny through playful, yet terrifying, community-driven digital storytelling.

11. E4

    4. Is This North American Sea Serpent Real or a Hoax?

    2 years ago

    Many say that the waters of America’s northern coasts are home to an elusive sea serpent of legend. Named Caddy! Or Cadborosaurus, for long. Sightings and testimonials go back generations. Who is Caddy? And why are serpentine water creatures among humanity’s most prevalent monsters?

12. S6 E3

    E3

    3. Kong Unleashed: The Making of the Original 1933 Film

    2 years ago

    In this episode, we explore the legacy of the monumental 1933 film, King Kong, its groundbreaking special effects, and the complex racial and colonial undertones that continue to shape our understanding of this timeless classic.

13. S6 E2

    E2

    2. Where the Wild Things Are and the Darkness of Max's Inner Journey

    2 years ago

    As a kid, the monsters in Where the Wild Things Are were downright frightening. But thinking about the book as an adult, it’s clear there’s something deeper to this fantastically monstrous story.

14. S6 E1

    E1

    1. Who Is This Japanese Yōkai That Is Obsessed With Your Butt?

    2 years ago

    What looks like a reptile-amphibian hybrid, has a dish shaped skull, smells like fish, is child-like and out to steal your crops and drown your livestock? The Japanese water yokai, Kappa.

1. S7 E14

   E14

   14. Meet The Pacific Northwest’s Most Mysterious Killer

   11 months ago

   You never see it—until it’s too late. The 19th-century lumberjack legend of the Hidebehind and other shadowy beings across cultures play on humanity’s fear of unseen monsters. Why are invisible threats so terrifying, and what do they reveal about the human mind?

2. S7 E13

   E13

   13. A Monster Expert's Take on Mascot Horror

   11 months ago

   Mascot horror twists cheerful childhood icons into unsettling threats. Let’s look at how Five Nights at Freddy’s sparked a wave of creepy mascots, fan-made worlds, corporate irony, and horror reboots of nostalgic characters.

3. S7 E12

   E12

   12. A Monster Expert Breaks Down KPop Demon Hunters

   1 year ago

   Why isn’t Korea’s most famous monster really all that scary? From mischievous tricksters to modern movie demons, dokkaebi evolved through centuries of folklore, Confucian values, and pop culture—culminating in KPop Demon Hunters.

4. S7 E11

   E11

   11. The Deep Halloween Lore You Probably Don’t Know

   1 year ago

   Bats have long been symbols of death and darkness. But why? Their rise as Halloween’s spookiest icon traces back to ancient Celtic traditions, revealing how these harmless creatures turned into something far more evil. Join us under the Congress Street Bridge in Austin as we unravel the spooky myths, vampire lore, and Halloween history that turned these sky puppies into creatures of the night!

5. S7 E10

   E10

   10. The Cursed Monster Born From Slavery

   1 year ago

   Ever wake up exhausted, like something drained the life out of you? The Boo Hag—a terrifying figure from Gullah Geechee folklore—might be to blame. This episode explores how a skinless monster became a powerful symbol of cultural memory, survival, and the legacy of oral storytelling in the African diaspora.

6. S7 E9

   E9

   9. These Mythical Monsters Turned Out To Be Real

   1 year ago

   With zebra legs, a giraffe tongue, and a unicorn’s reputation, the okapi sounds made-up—but it’s very real (and very cute). Once mistaken for a myth, this forest-dweller proves that not all monsters are imaginary… and some might just be hiding in plain sight.

7. S7 E8

   E8

   8. The Disturbing Reasons We Invent Monsters

   1 year ago

   What makes a monster? From folklore to horror films, monsters reveal cultural fears, moral lessons, and human desires. Let's talk about what creatures like vampires, werewolves, and Krampus teach us about ourselves—and how monster theory helps us trace the line between humanity and the unknown.

8. S7 E7

   E7

   7. Real Life Monster Hunters Are More Hardcore Than Fiction

   1 year ago

   How did Van Helsing go from academic in Dracula to action hero icon? This episode explores his evolution from Victorian scholar to monster-hunting legend, unpacking his role in the novel, pop culture legacy, and why he remains the ultimate supernatural slayer.

9. S7 E6

   E6

   6. The Most Puzzling UFO Case of the 20th Century

   1 year ago

   In 1952, a terrifying creature was spotted in Flatwoods, West Virginia — a 10-foot-tall creature with glowing eyes, a spade-shaped head, and cloaked in a metal skirt. Was it an alien, a Cold War experiment, or mass hysteria?In 1952, a terrifying creature was spotted in Flatwoods, West Virginia — a 10-foot-tall creature with glowing eyes, a spade-shaped head, and cloaked in a metal skirt. Was it an alien, a Cold War experiment, or mass hysteria?

10. S7 E5

    E5

    5. The Terrifying Reign of the Beast of Gevaudan

    1 year ago

    Between 1764 and 1767, a mysterious creature terrorized the French countryside, leaving over 100 dead. Was it a monstrous wolf, a cryptid, or something more sinister? This is the chilling true story of the Beast of Gévaudan — a real-life horror that still haunts history.

11. S7 E4

    E4

    4. Why Did Vampires Become Sexy?

    1 year ago

    Why do vampires shift from terrifying to seductive and back again? Let's explore the long history of the vampire’s transformation—from monstrous fiend to gothic heartthrob—and what it says about our fears, desires, and identity. Sexy… scary… sexy… scary… it’s a cycle centuries in the making.

12. S7 E3

    E3

    3. Why Does A Ghost Whale Terrorize The Japanese Coast?

    1 year ago

    Lore of the ghostly whale skeleton, Bake-kujira, brings an ominous twist to stories of the revered marine giants in Japan. The entity is an omen of misfortune that emerged during the rise of industrial whaling in the 20th century. Is it a simple ghost story, or a warning of ecological collapse? And is Bake-kujira’s legend as relevant now as ever?

13. S7 E2

    E2

    2. Why Are So Many People Seeing The Hat Man?

    1 year ago

    Countless people claim to have seen the Hat Man—a shadowy figure in a wide-brimmed hat—while experiencing sleep paralysis, bringing on an overwhelming sense of dread. Why do so many people, throughout time and across different cultures, report the same eerie encounter? Is it a neurological glitch or something more?

14. S7 E1

    E1

    1. How This Thing Became a Modern Bigfoot

    1 year ago

    A grainy 2007 video from Fresno, California, sparked an internet phenomenon—the Fresno Nightcrawlers. From cryptid lore to viral fame, this video explores how a 20-second clip turned into a legend, inspiring countless theories, debates, and even adorable merchandise.

1. S8 E8

   E8

   8. London's Most Infamous Haunting isn't What You Thought

   1 month ago

   In 1803, London’s Hammersmith Ghost sparked terror—and a deadly case of mistaken identity. When Francis Smith shot Thomas Millwood, believing him to be a ghost, he was convicted of murder. The bizarre trial shaped British criminal law for centuries. But who, or what, was the Hammersmith Ghost?

2. S8 E7

   E7

   7. Why This Monster Sighting Was Different

   2 months ago

   In 1973, a strange creature reportedly terrorized the small town of Enfield, Illinois. Henry McDaniel claimed he encountered a bizarre, three-legged monster outside his home—and the story quickly became a national sensation. But when sociologists investigated, they discovered something stranger than a monster: how rumors become legends.

3. S8 E6

   E6

   6. Why Is This Fox More Popular Than Every Other Japanese Monster?

   3 months ago

   Why is the Kitsune Japan's most enduring yokai? This video examines 2,500 years of folklore, religion, history, and pop culture to explain how the legendary shape-shifting fox became Japan's most influential supernatural figure—and why its stories continue to thrive today.

4. S8 E5

   E5

   5. This Town Has Been Terrorized by a Monster for Over 50 Years

   4 months ago

   For over a century, residents of Fouke, Arkansas have reported encounters with a mysterious Bigfoot-like creature lurking in the swamps. More than 50 years after The Legend of Boggy Creek turned the Fouke Monster into a national sensation, I traveled to Fouke to hear firsthand accounts from the people who still believe it's out there.

5. S8 E4

   E4

   4. Why Did the Greeks Create a Monster Stronger Than Zeus?

   5 months ago

   In Greek mythology, Typhon wasn’t just another beast, he was a force powerful enough to bring the gods themselves to the brink of collapse. Typhon was described as a towering storm of fire and serpents, the father of countless monsters, and the one creature capable of defeating Zeus himself. So why would a culture imagine a monster powerful enough to destroy its own strongest god?

6. S8 E3

   E3

   3. The Dominican Republic's Most Infamous Monster Terrified Me

   6 months ago

   A haunting Dominican legend comes alive: La Ciguapa, a mysterious woman of the mountains said to lure victims to their doom. But beyond the myth lies a deeper story—of colonial history, resistance, and identity. Is she a monster… or a symbol of survival and freedom?

7. S8 E2

   E2

   2. The Disturbing Case of America’s Most Infamous Haunting

   7 months ago

   Between 1817 and 1821, the Bell family of rural Tennessee became the center of one of the most chilling and best-documented hauntings in American history.

8. S8 E1

   E1

   1. Why This UFO Sighting Was Different

   8 months ago

   In 1951, college freshman Carl Hart Jr. captured photos of mysterious lights over Lubbock, Texas—sparking one of America’s most credible UFO cases. With professors, radar data, and government investigations involved, the Lubbock Lights challenged Cold War fears and launched a mystery that remains unsolved today.